Tiago Antão
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Physics for Rainy Days
  • January 2026

    C-linear categories, simplicity and semisimplicity

    Introducing C-linear categories, whose hom-sets are finite-dimensional complex vector spaces. The extra linear structure lets us define direct sums and leads naturally to the notions of simple objects and semisimplicity.

  • December 2024

    Pivotal and ribbon categories

    The notion of pivotal categories, for which the double dual of an object is equivalent to the object itself, and the concept of ribbon categories, where morphism equalities correspond to isotopies of ribbons in 3D space.

  • June 2024

    Dual objects in category theory

    Dual objects and dualizability, capturing the notion of maximally entangled states in categorical quantum mechanics. In the graphical calculus, this enables wires to bend backwards in time.

  • February 2024

    Reconstructing linear algebra from categories

    Notes on the linear structure of monoidal categories, following Heunen and Vicary's Categories for Quantum Theory, chapter 2.

  • July 2023

    Monoidal category theory: An introduction to diagrams

    Monoidal categories and their description in terms of string diagrams. Equations are correct if their diagrammatic representation holds up to planar (2D) isotopy — or spatial (3D) isotopy in braided monoidal categories.

  • June 2023

    Basic notions of category theory, and what's to come

    A basic introduction to categories: objects, morphisms, functors, equivalences, natural transformations, and universal properties.

© 2026 Tiago Antão